Evaluation of oxidative stress induced by physiological doses of metformin in the kidney of Labeo rohita

Metformin (Glucophage) is an orally administered antidiabetic drug and the preferred first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes. It is also used to treat gestational diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, and cancer. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential oxidative effects of metformin on the kidney of labeo rohita at physiological doses of 0.6 µg/mL and 1.2µg/mL. Kidney of labeo rohita exposed to physiological doses of metformin for a period of 5 days, subsequently, we measured the defensive response of enzymatic antioxidants like catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) to determine their role in counteracting metformin- induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, this study explores the physiological doses of metformin that might induce oxidative stress, as increased activity of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase in the kidney of labeo rohita. Significant changes in enzymatic antioxidant activities suggest a potential disruption in the kidney of Labeo rohita. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and assess the long-term effects of metformin exposure on renal health in Labeo rohita.