Mitigating salt stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) through plant growth-promoting bacteria

The amount of agricultural land has extenuate in recent times due to factors such as deforestation, pollution, erosion, waterlogging or flooding, population growth, alterations in land use, economic development, excessive use of fertilizers, salinity, alkalinity, and acidification. Approximately 6.4 million hectares of land are influenced by salinity, alkalinity, or acidification. Currently, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are employed to maintain the nutritional quality of the soil and enhance plant growth in areas affected by salinity, alkalinity, and acidification. They are pivotal for sustainable agriculture in terms of nutrient uptake, stress tolerance, and higher crop yields. Salinity of soil also poses a major challenge to the growth of plants repercussion in osmosis and dehydration, which eventually causes the plant to dry up due to high concentrations of K + and Na + ions. Therefore, PGPB are useful to the growth of plants and are progressively applied to improve the growth of plants. This paper is devoted to the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) to promote tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) growth through high salt stress conditions. It is noted that the higher the salinity in the soil, the more the PGPB promotes the synthesis of the micro and macronutrients in the soil as well as plants that are exposed to high salinity tempos.